bagel is a yeshivish term for what bagel is a yeshivish term for what

Susaml Halkann Tlsm. but mo considers itself a movement, so whoever. Bagels are made from the basic bread ingredients of flour, yeast, salt, and sweetening. [34] In Vienna, Eastern Lower Austria and Burgenland, beugerl has taken on the meaning of certain types of kipferl. Bagel Definition & Meaning | YourDictionary [51], "Bublichki" or "Bagelach" is a title of a famous Russian and Yiddish song written in Odessa in the 1920s. That's not a Schlemiel, exclaims D. B. Urban Dictionary: Bagel This is sometimes known as "Yeshivish," coming from the word "yeshiva," generally referring to the schools for the organized study of Jewish holy texts. noun bagels A glazed, ring-shaped roll with a tough, chewy texture, made from plain yeast dough that is dropped briefly into nearly boiling water and then baked. The speaker will use those terms instead of their English counterpart, either because of cultural affinity, or lack of the appropriate English term. yeshivish. Simit are also sold on the street in baskets or carts, like bagels were then. aws appsync subscription resolver; portable washing machine lebanon; lancer crossover fanfiction. [40] Fresh/frozen supermarket sales (excluding Wal-Mart) for the 52 weeks ending 13 May 2012 was US$592.7 million. The rings are made from a yeasted dough, rolled out very thin and briefly boiled in salted water before topped with salt and caraway seeds and then baked. Strain the broth . A bagel (Yiddish: , romanized:beygl; Polish: bajgiel; also spelled beigel)[1] is a bread roll originating in the Jewish communities of Poland. Today the average bagel is about 6 inches wide and about 350 calories. Some Japanese bagels, such as those sold by BAGEL & BAGEL[ja], are soft and sweet; others, such as Einstein Bro. Bagels are machine-rolled instead of hand-made, and are baked in standard steel commercial ovens. The term is also used in southern German dialects, where beuge refers to a pile, e.g., holzbeuge ('woodpile'). For these reasons, they were served at circumcisions and when a woman was in labor and also at funerals, along with hardboiled eggs. Their Generosity Ended Up Saving Jewish Lives, Why Harry S. Truman Recognized the State of Israel, When Arabian Jews and Muslims Lived in Peace, Portraits of Valor: Heroic Jewish Women You Should Know, Top Six Rules Every Mother-in-Law and Daughter-in-Law Should Follow. The word that names it comes from that language's word beygl. In the early Middle Ages, a form of round bread became popular among German migrants to Poland, similar to the classic German pretzel. The word is from the Yiddish beygl, with an Old High German root, boug,. [14], In the Brick Lane district and surrounding area of London, England, bagels (locally spelled "beigels") have been sold since the middle of the 19th century. This production method gives bagels their distinctive taste, chewy texture, and shiny appearance. [citation needed], In tennis, a "bagel" refers to a player winning a set 60; winning a match 60, 60, 60 is called a "triple bagel". In Medieval Europe, Church officials and local nobles often forbade Jews from baking bread at all, which the Church viewed as a holy food and thus too good to allow Jews to enjoy. A Short History of the Bagel - Slate Magazine New Yorkers claim that their city has the best bagels in the world, although Montreal is also known for its delicious bagels. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! Jumble Answers for 09/26/2021 | Jumble Answers Actually, I bageled her once myself. "Among the most frequently heard complaints of New Yorkers who visit Israel is that 'you can't get a good bagel in Tel Aviv.'" In either process, a glaze of egg yolk or milk applied before baking produces a shiny crust. Bring water to a boil, then reduce heat to medium-high. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Large bagel-holes are also a hallmark of Jerusalem bagels, which are still sometimes draped on wooden sticks in bakeries, the way bagels used to be displayed in Poland. shlichus > shlichusin 'mission' and mashmaus > mashmausin 'implication'. Long regarded as a Jewish specialty item, the bagel is commonly eaten as a breakfast food or snack, often with toppings such as cream cheese and lox (smoked salmon). Homemade Bagels Recipe - Sally's Baking Addiction The Yiddish spelling of beigel should make clear once and for all that the former is the older and more authentic pronunciation (though I confess that I use the latter pronunciation and I'm not. Jerusalem bagels are sprinkled with sesame seeds, and often eaten with zaatar, a popular Israeli spice mixture featuring hyssop, sesame, chickpea powder, olive oil, coriander and salt. In 1954, the Lenders converted part of their garage to a storage freezer and started making bagels all week long, then freezing them for the weekend rush. It may be a reference to the fact that bagel dough has to "rest" for at least 12 hours between mixing and baking, or simply to the fact that the hour hand on a clock traces a bagel shape over the course of twelve hours. bagel is a yeshivish term for what - carydeckrestoration.com The appeal of a bagel may change upon being toasted. (Published 2003)", "Murray Lender, Who Gave All America a Taste of Bagels, Dies at 81", "Murray Lender, the man who brought bagels to the masses", "Why have bagels become so big and bready? Bagel Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster Drop bagels in, 2-4 at a time, making sure they have enough room to float around. Bagels are sometimes called the cement doughnuts. If you look up kvetch in a Merriam-Webster dictionary online (either the Collegiate at m-w.com or the Unabridged at unabridged.merriam-webster.com) you will see, below the definition, a long and splendid list of synonyms. I want that you should get her number. Nezek in its original context refers to the Talmudic notion of tort law. The traditional London bagel (or beigel as it is spelled) is chewier and has a denser texture. Bagels are now a popular bread product in North America and Poland, especially in cities with a large Jewish population. [citation needed], The Uyghurs of Xinjiang, China enjoy girdeh nan (from Persian, meaning round bread), a type of nan, the local bread. v. 1) sports term indicating that one player prevented an opponent from scoring any points; a zero, or "bagel" is thus scored. As Jews immigrated from Europe to North America, many settled in Toronto and Montreal, Canada, which created their own style of bagels distinct from the New York style. In modern mass production, the rings are machine-made, and steaming may be substituted for boiling. Urban Dictionary: yeshivish The taste may be complemented by additions cooked on the bagel, such as onion, garlic, sesame seeds, or poppy seeds. In many sentences, however, the grammatical and lexical features of the speaker's native language are slight and sometimes even lacking altogether. In tennis, a "bagel" refers to a player winning a set 6-0; winning a match 6-0, 6-0, 6-0 is called a "triple bagel.". Bagel - The Jewish Chronicle "Bagel" is also a Yeshivish term for sleeping 12 hours straight, e.g., "I slept a bagel last night." We're here for you, with the knowledge and encouragement to make it happen. In 1900, the Bagel Brunch became popular in New York City. Some of the top types of bagels are a bagel with cream cheese, poppy or sesame seed bagels, and my personal favorite are blueberry bagels. Yeshivish A sect or type of the religious Jewish community which usually includes Jews who've attended Yeshiva / seminary and has left a significant cultural mark on. In Turkey, a salty and fattier form is called ama. In Turkey, a salty and fattier form is called ama. Reprinted with permission from The Book of Jewish Food: An Odyssey from Samarkand to New York,published by Knopf. The word came to our language but a few generations ago, began its hardscrabble life as a non-standard lexical item, and through dint of hard work and having the good fortune of beginning and ending with two very funny letters, managed to make itself a widely accepted and useful member of our language. Her latest bookPortraits of Valor: Heroic Jewish Women You Should Knowdescribes the lives of 40 remarkable women who inhabited different eras and lands, giving a sense of the vast diversity of Jewish experience. For . A widely repeated legend traces the origin of the bagel itself to Vienna in 1683, when John III Sobieski, king of Poland, successfully defended the city from a Turkish invasion. New Yorkers credited the mineral content of their water with creating what they claim are the best-tasting bagels in the world. American chef John Mitzewich has a recipe for what he calls San Francisco-style bagels which yields bagels flatter than New York-style bagels, characterized by a rough-textured crust. Loan words are often given plurals using standard English morphology. "We bageled that bonus on the Franco-Mongol alliance in the first finals match."). Seeds and spices may be added before baking; bagels also are made with flavourings, vegetables, nuts, or fruits mixed into the dough, although purists scorn such innovations. Despite its heavy borrowing of technical and legal terms, the above sentence would be understood clearly by speakers of Yeshivish as "He did a lot of damage, and eventually admitted that he did it, although he claimed it was inadvertent.". When Polish Jews went away to the United States, they brought the beugel with them. Like challah, it is of South German origin, but it came into its own and took its definitive form in the Polish shtetl. [9] There is some evidence that the bagel may have been made in Germany before being made in Poland. However, the Beugel is crispy and can be stored for weeks. Documents in Turkish History 2] (Kasm 1967): 56, nsal, Artun. Bagels are often topped with seeds baked on the outer crusttraditional choices include poppy and sesame seedsor with salt grains. "You're always so persistent about things. More recently, in the last hundred years, we've added many Yiddish words in our melting pot. The bagel, both the humblest and mightiest of all bread forms, is, unsurprisingly, of Yiddish origins. Food writer Claudia Roden notes that in Poland, bagels were sold on the street by vendors with baskets or hanging on long sticks. Some observers predict that the English variant of Yeshivish may develop further to the point that it could become one of the historical Judeo-hybrid languages like Yiddish, Judeo-Spanish or the Judeo-Arabic languages. Daniel Thompson started work on the first commercially viable bagel machine in 1958; bagel baker Harry Lender, his son, Murray Lender, and Florence Sender leased this technology and pioneered automated production and distribution of frozen bagels in the 1960s. Accessed 4 Mar. While many terms from the Talmud and Mishna exist in Modern Hebrew, their pronunciation is often in line with Modern Hebrew, whereas in the Yeshivish variant, they are pronounced in the traditional Ashkenazic way. When the Jews left Eastern Europe in great masses for America, Canada and Europe, many sold bagels from pushcarts on the Lower East Side of Manhattan and in the East End of London. and Psshhhh! A common non-lexicographic way to define chutzpah is to say that it is exemplified by the man who kills his parents and then asks the court for mercy, on the grounds that he is an orphan. Yiddish and its Yeshivish sociolect is still spoken in religious Yiddish . Loan verbs may also conjugate with standard English patterns. [citation needed], In Quizbowl, a "bagel" refers to failing to correctly answer any part of a multi-part bonus question (i.e. 05:16, 17 January 2016 Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.143.212.65 [3], The term appears to be a portmanteau word of yeshiva and English, however, it may simply be formed from yeshiva + the adjectival suffix -ish. Modals may be used differently than in standard English, e.g. Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. The literal meaning is 'the rendered fat of poultry,' a substance that is much in use in traditional Jewish cooking. It's been praised as inspirational, fascinating, fun and educational. Traditionally it has to be torn apart by two individuals before eating. Name the five freshwater fish, the "correct" answers are all saltwater fish. - New York Tribune, 25 Feb. 1914, : a firm doughnut-shaped roll traditionally made by boiling and then baking. I really approve of* this book. There are various opinions as to the origins of this term. It is thought to have come (no one is entirely certain) from a modification of the Yiddish phrase arumfartsn zikh, the literal translation of which is 'to fart around. The history of bagels gives a window to Jewish history and fortunes over the past 800 years. "He was a notorious parasite and schnorrer, but few of his hosts were overtly unwelcoming, since he could be ingeniously vindictive in print, even when seeming to offer praise. "Xinjiang". Schnorrer comes to English from the Yiddish word shnoren (meaning "to beg"). by Barteldo in MicrosoftRewards. At the beginning of the 20th century megillah began to be used in a figurative sense to refer to a long or complicated tale. There are a number of differences between the use of prepositions in Yeshivish and standard English: The preposition by has a wide array of meanings in Yeshivish: A possible cause for this is that the Yiddish preposition "bei" is defined as at, beside or by. Use stock immediately or let cool and refrigerate or freeze. The formerly chewy morsel that once had to be separated from the rest of its ring by a sharp jerk of the eaters head is now devoid of character half-baked, seeking to be all pastry to all men. Like American Jews who sought to seek their distinctive Jewishness behind, todays mushy, mass-produced bagels have lost what made them special. Our language has more than three dozen very similar ways of describing the act of complaining about something. Bagel - Wikiwand ", "SCS 020| Bread Classifications | Stella Culinary", "In Defense Of The Bread-Sliced Bagel, From A St. Louis Native", "Apparently People Slice Bagels Like Bread In St. Louis And Honestly? One notable feature of Yeshivish is the frequency of occurrence of the phoneme [x], common in many words of Hebrew, Aramaic, and Yiddish origin. In exercising this power, painting and poetry have a choice of subject almost unlimited.Walter Pater (18391894). [39], The AIB reported US$626.9 million fresh bagel US supermarket sales (excluding Wal-Mart) for the 52 weeks ending 11 April 2012. Oines would be the correct technical term. Yeshivish (Yiddish: ), also known as Yeshiva English, Yeshivisheh Shprach, or Yeshivisheh Reid, is a sociolect of English spoken by Yeshiva students and other Jews with a strong connection to the Orthodox Yeshiva world. American Heritage A chewy bread roll made of yeast dough twisted into a doughnutlike shape, cooked in simmering water, then baked. English takes on new words all the time. Noted 17th-century traveler Evliya elebi wrote that there were 70 simit bakeries in Istanbul during the 1630s. Bagel - Wikipedia What separates the bagel from the rest of the rolls is the flour quality and the processing. l / a soft, chewy, circular piece of bread with a hole in the center (Definicin de bagel del Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary Cambridge University Press) Ejemplos de bagel bagel In recent years, a variant of this process has emerged, producing what is sometimes called the steam bagel. Long regarded as a Jewish specialty item, the bagel is commonly eaten as a breakfast food or snack, often with toppings such as cream cheese and lox (smoked salmon ). Add the water and place the pot over medium-high heat. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. And shoigeg in its original context means an incident which was caused unwillingly, but was a result of partial negligence. A schedule that consists of a tisch, parsha shiur and sicha at shaleshudes are traditional to all yeshivos, from Yeshivish to Modern. yeshivish Russian. Bagel | Culture Wikia | Fandom From kimchi to mac and cheese, people are desecrating the sacred bagel. In the 1960s this Jewish delicacy started to go mainstream. Bagel - Bagels Around The World | Bagels World - LiquiSearch [54], The bagel is a major plot device in the 2022 science-fiction film Everything Everywhere All at Once. [12], Variants of the word beugal are used in Yiddish and in Austrian German to refer to a similar form of sweet-filled pastry; Mohnbeugel, a pastry filled with poppy seeds, and Nussbeugel, a pastry filled with ground nuts. So, There you have it Folks, Done. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! [2] It is traditionally shaped by hand into a roughly hand-sized ring from yeasted wheat dough that is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked. [26] In commercial bagel production, the steam bagel process requires less labor, since bagels need only be directly handled once, at the shaping stage. This bread is traditionally made with coarsely ground rye and sourdough starter. bagel - Wiktionary The pronunciation and spelling of bagel varies among communities. Schmaltz started being used in English in the mid-1930s, and is unusual in that it began its life with a literal and a figurative meaning (most words wait a while before being used metaphorically). "Bagel" is also a Yeshivish term for sleeping 12 hours straighte.g., "I slept a bagel last night." There are various opinions as to the origins of this term. [28], A typical[clarification needed] bagel has 260350 calories, 1.04.5 grams of fat, 330660 milligrams of sodium, and 25 grams of fiber. [31] Generally, the bagels are sliced into eight pieces using a bread slicer, which produces characteristically precise cuts (the bagel is not torn or crushed while slicing). Jewish bakers made round-shaped pastries like obwarzanek, but boiled them instead of baking the bread, calling them bagels. The widespread availability and interest in lox did not come about until Eastern European Jews arrived in America in the late 19th and early . [2] We have new live classes starting every day. Accounts from the royal court in Poland dating to the 14th century mention obwarzanek, a ring-shaped, boiled, bagel-like bread. The ingredients in these breads and bagels somewhat differ, as these breads are made with a different dough using butter. New Yorkers claim that their city has the best bagels in the world, although Montreal is also known for its delicious bagels. At its most basic, traditional bagel dough contains wheat flour (without germ or bran), salt, water, and yeast leavening. This is the oldest slang use of "to bagel" attested to, and it may have originated with the old stadium scoreboards on . It comes from the Yiddish word zaftik, meaning 'juicy or succulent.' [2] Sometimes it has an extra connotation of non-Hasidic Haredi Jews educated in yeshiva and whose education made a noticeable specific cultural impact onto them. It comes from the Yiddish word klots, which means 'wooden beam. It is predominantly of the sesame "white" seeds variety (bagels in Toronto are similar to those made in New York in that they are less sweet, generally are coated with poppy seeds and are baked in a standard oven). De Wikipedia "The turgidity of Clifford's presentation makes it sadistic to dwell on the analysis, but one must, one absolutely must, since such chutzpah requires recognition." A local baker, wishing to commemorate the victory of this accomplished horseman, fashioned his bread in the shape of a stirrup (the present-day German word for which is Bgel). [52], In the United States, February 9 is often celebrated as National Bagel Day,[53] in which people celebrate the rich history of getting together and eating bagels. They are named covrigi. bagel ( plural bagels ) A toroidal bread roll that is boiled before it is baked. Judeo-hybrid languages were spoken dialects which mixed elements of the local vernacular, Hebrew, Aramaic and Jewish religious idioms. A Dayor Twoto . The fascinating story behind many people's favori Can you handle the (barometric) pressure? [31] The slices range from 3 to 6mm (0.12 to 0.24in) thick. Bagels: Are They Good for You? - WebMD Updates? In the latter case the term has ambivalent (both positive and negative) connotations comparable to these of the term "academic". LAer. ( tennis, slang) A score of 6-0 in a set (after the shape of a bagel, which looks like a zero). A bagel [1] is a bread roll originating in the Jewish communities of Poland. What Is a Tuna Bagel? - The Yeshiva World The origin of the bagel is not known, but it seems to have its roots in central Europe. bagels sold by Costco in Japan, are the same as in the U.S.[citation needed], Bagels in the U.S. have increased in size over time. Great idea, I'm also hoping AMEM will be updated to be a Gamepass monthly quest, (up to 1500 pts per month), not the broken system it is now via rewards. Yeshivish, like the more secular Jewish. There are three million bagels exported from the U.S. annually, and it has a 4%-of-duty classification in Japan. [35], While normally and traditionally made of yeasted wheat, in the late 20th century variations on the bagel flourished. A 2011 Time Magazine article lamented the American-ization of the bagel, calling it a symbol of assimilation at any cost. The distinction between the two is clear (now). Eventually, Jews in Poland won the right to make and sell bread not ordinary bread, which was still viewed with suspicion by Christian customers, but bread that was boiled, and thus distinctive and different from bread supplied by Christian bakers. Joseph's Coat of Many Colors. Bagel | Definition, Ingredients, & History | Britannica Basoif means "eventually" (more precisely, "at the end"). We've been borrowing liberally from other languagesFrench, Latin, and Italian to mention just a fewfor centuries. Yeshivish is primarily a male-spoken dialect. "Kleiber moves along, too, never indulging in the ridiculous schmaltz that all too often passes for authenticity." Today, frozen, pre-sliced and long-life bagels are a popular staple in the US and beyond. From New York to Tel Aviv, Chicago to Boston, smaller bakeries are returning to traditional styles of this Jewish staple. In the old days, they were supposed to be a protection against demons and evil spirits, warding off the evil eye and bringing good luck. The bagel has been regarded as a Jewish specialty, in part because its method of preparation made it popular among Jews as a convenient form of bread that could be baked without breaking the rule of no work on the Sabbath. Israeli Restaurants Reach for the Star. What the hell is so big about shrimp?" [29] The resulting bagel has a fluffy interior and a chewy crust. Other bagel styles can be found elsewhere; Chicago-style bagels are baked with steam. Add a Comment. Instead of boiling then baking the dough, todays convenience bagels are steam baked: a process by which a little water is added to commercial ovens to produce a moister product. Yet, bagels, like the Jewish people itself, are resilient, and a new generation of bakers and customers is rediscovering the joys of traditional Jewish bagels. In those days, you . The work lists, defines, and provides examples for nearly 250 Yeshivish words and phrases. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat to medium-low; cover and cook undisturbed for about 1 hour or until very fragrant. They are different from doughnuts because they are boiled before baked. [32] This style of bagel was popularized by the St. Louis Bread Company, now known as Panera Bread. Why do you ask me to eat shrimp? Displaced Bum One gives this definition: A Schlemiel is someone who breaks his thumb in his vest pocket. Bagels have been used as a symbol of the continuous cycle of lifewithout beginning and without end. The origin of the name bagel is disputed. 2) a sexual euphemism.. Dude! "Fannie Mae was a zaftig and handsome young woman. In recent years, a variant has emerged, producing what is sometimes called the steam bagel. As Yiddish was to Middle High German, Yeshivish may be to Standard American English. 'ripping/tearing the beigl') at Easter where two people pull on opposite ends of a beigl until it breaks into two pieces. Bagel. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bagel. Traditionally first boiled and then baked, this unusual cooking method gives bagels a chewy outer texture, and a distinctive, delicious soft dough within. The extended meaning of schmaltz was first applied to popular music of a cloying, or overly sentimental, variety. Our little list is not the whole 'megillah,' but it ain't 'bubkes', Great Big List of Beautiful and Useless Words, Vol. Talk:Bagel/Archive 1 - Wikiwand Discover - Roblox 'Hiemal,' 'brumation,' & other rare wintry words. The Westin Hotels $1,000 bagel is topped with white truffle cream cheese and a Riesling jelly infused with goji berries and gold leaf. In the above example, shoigeg does not have the same meaning in Yeshivish as it does in its original context, wherein it implies negligence. A widely repeated legend traces its history to Vienna in 1683, when John III Sobieski, king of Poland, successfully defended the city from a Turkish invasion. [20] The bagel brunch consists of a bagel topped with lox, cream cheese, capers, tomato, and red onion. [2][10], In the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries, the bajgiel became a staple of Polish cuisine. Some verbs, particularly those of Hebrew origin, are often treated as participles, and inflected by English auxiliary verbs, in the same way that periphrastic verbs are constructed in Yiddish. *This one is an interesting case, as it is basically transforming the Yiddish to English but still keeping the Yiddish idiom; "hold of" is either approve . Montreal is also known for its bagels where a little honey is added to the boiling water, which makes the bagels sweeter. - Thomas J. Cottle, When the Music Stopped: Discovering My Mother, 2004. A bagel (Yiddish: beygl , Polish: bajgiel), also spelled beigel, is a bread product originating in Poland, traditionally shaped by hand into the form of a ring from yeasted wheat dough, roughly hand-sized, which is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked. overview for cwhiteh2lostmy2FA - Reddit In addition, some bagel makers in the U.S. (particularly New England producer Zeppy's) spell the word "baigel", while maintaining the typical pronunciation. The first known written reference to bagels is a testament to their ubiquity. [citation needed], The St. Louis style bagel refers not to composition, but to a particular method of slicing the bagel. A hesitation click is used, borrowed from Israeli Hebrew: Yeshivish has some unique interjections. In his memoir about growing up in Poland, A Day of Pleasure: Stories of a Boy Growing Up in Warsaw, the great Yiddish writer Isaac Bashevis Singer recalls a trip he took from Warsaw to Radzymin in 1908: Sidewalk peddlers sold loaves of bread, baskets of bagels and rolls, smoked herring, hot peas, brown beans, apples, pears and plums. Unlike the bagel, it is not boiled prior to baking. The worlds largest bagel weighed 393.7 kg (868 lb) and was made by Brueggers Bagels (USA) and displayed at the New York state fair, Geddes, New York, USA on 27 August 2004. The vocabulary and grammatical structure of Yeshivish are drawn primarily from the speaker's native language (see above), although the vocabulary includes scholarly jargon, primarily from the Talmud and Acharonim in Yiddish, Hebrew, and Aramaic. The word came to English from the Yiddish kibitser, which itself comes from the German word kiebitzen, meaning "to look on (at cards). [deleted] 5 yr. ago. Extensive hand motions, in particular thumb dipping in the style of talmudic discourse as well as the "fist twist," which is a loosely closed fist raised at or above eye level and twisted back and forth to indicate uncertainty or doubt, are common. Have a good oneBe well, stay safe..and I'll leave you with thisBesides being a delicious food item, a Bagel is also a Yeshivish term for sleeping 12 hours straight. 14 English Words from Yiddish | Merriam-Webster